Reggio Emilia is a small city in Italy that has emerged as an exemplary model of early childhood education. The first schools were started and run by parents who wanted their children to experience an education that was different from their own. From that humble desire rose a system of infant/toddler preschools and now early elementary classes that use artistic expression, long- and short-term projects, and engaging environments to establish learning communities that embody democracy and freedom. Within this system is a series of fundamental principles that are intimately connected and dependent on each other. The combination of history and fundamental principles is supported by a deep civic commitment to children. The Reggio Emilia approach has inspired many educators around the world, not only because of its beautiful schools and intriguing artefacts but because they face adversity with resolve and imagination. (author abstract)