Using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010-11, this study examined how many public schools used kindergarten entry assessments and for what purposes. Overall, 73 percent of public schools offering kindergarten classes reported using kindergarten entry assessments. Among those schools, the most common purposes were to individualize instruction (93 percent), identify needs for additional testing (65 percent), and determine class placement (41 percent). Schools' use of kindergarten entry assessments was not correlated with student assessment scores in early reading or math in spring of the kindergarten year. (author abstract)