New York City is legally required to meet the special education needs of 100 percent of its preschoolers with disabilities. When a child’s Individualized Education Program (IEP) mandates a service like speech therapy or the support of a part-time special education teacher, the City is obligated to provide those services. Yet data from the New York City Department of Education (DOE) show that the City is falling far short of meeting its responsibilities to its youngest learners. During the 2021–22 school year, 36.8% of preschoolers with disabilities—a total 9,800 children—went the entire year never receiving at least one of their mandated special education services. (author abstract)