This research adopts a policy regime perspective to map the governing arrangements (May & Jochim, 2012) for reconciling parents’ work and family obligations and promoting gender equality across OECD countries. Through describing policy values, ideas, principles, and institutional arrangements manifested in public actions and policy designs, a policy regime perspective provides a useful way to conceptualize distinct typologies to classify empirical similarities and differences among countries (Lange & Meadwell, 1991, as cited in Ebbinghaus, 2012; Kaufmann, 2006; May & Jochim, 2012; Pfau-Effinger, 2005). In other words, a regime typology approach is a way of backward mapping the governing arrangements that characterize the whole system by examining components of welfare provisions, such as policy designs, outcomes, etc., as suggested by literature (Arts & Gelissen, 2002; Castles & Mitchell, 1992; Ebbinghaus, 2012; Esping-Andersen, 1990; Guo & Gilbert, 2007; May & Jochim, 2012). Accordingly, this research compares two components of welfare states, that is policy designs and parents’ caregiving and employment patterns (i.e., outcomes) that can be empirically and theoretically viewed as a reflection of countries’ policy schemes and ideologies about gender roles and the roles of the state, market, and family in providing care. Specifically, countries’ policy designs are measured and compared by two indices developed in this research, while parents’ caregiving and employment patterns are captured by indicators retrieved from the OECD family database and then results are theoretically interpreted by the Care-Employment Analytic Framework formed in this research. (author abstract)