The University of Miami will determine whether the effects of executive functions on school readiness are mediated by approaches to learning in Head Start preschoolers. Specifically, the study will seek to address two main questions: (a) Are executive functions related to approaches to learning? and (b) Do approaches to learning mediate the relation between executive functions and school readiness? As part of a larger study, data were collected during the 2007-2008 school year on 150 ethnically diverse four-year-old Head Start children. School readiness measures were collected at the end of the school year to assess how executive functions and approaches to learning affect gains across the school year. Children were given six tests of executive functions, producing scores for cognitive inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and working memory. It is expected that the results of the study will contribute to the understanding of executive functions and approaches to learning and how these constructs jointly affect school readiness in Head Start children.