Child Trends, Inc. will use data from the Head Start Family and Child Experiences Survey (FACES 1999 and 2000 data) to examine whether distinct profiles of school readiness occur within two nationally representative cohorts of Head Start children, and the manner in which Head Start services support children's school readiness and continued development over time. Specifically, the study will determine the degree of stability and change in developmental status over the Head Start year for 4-year-olds. In addition, the Head Start program characteristics and services, the child and family background characteristics and resources, and changes in developmental status over the course of the Head Start year will help to predict child outcomes. Results from the study are expected to help researchers, policy makers, and practitioners understand the types of services Head Start programs should invest in to bolster children's school readiness. It will also extend the current research by further examining school readiness and providing ways to identify children who may need more help to achieve academic goals.