The principal investigator is partnered with five Head Start agencies in the state of Florida to study the developmental process of language, early literacy, early numeracy, cognition, approaches to learning, and social-emotional development for Spanish-speaking English language learners (ELL) in both English and Spanish. Research objectives include: (a) identify the school readiness skills of Latino ELL children exiting Head Start preschool programs in Florida; (b) describe the cultural demographic profile of Latino ELL children attending Head Start programs in Florida; (c) determine the developmental trajectory for school readiness skills in Latino ELL children attending Florida Head Start programs; and (d) identify the cultural and classroom factors impacting the developmental trajectory. The sample will include 400 Spanish-speaking ELL children attending Head Start. The children will be divided into two cohorts where 200 will be followed through two years of Head Start and 200 will be followed through one year of Head Start and into Kindergarten. Twenty children from each agency participating in the study will participate in the pilot testing in Year 1. Results from the study are expected to provide the Florida Head Start community and researchers important information regarding the dual language development of school readiness skills in the ELL population.