This paper first reviews the economic case for investing in young children, including research released since the 2012 paper. The second section describes the implementation of YoungStar and includes data on participation among providers and trends regarding star ratings. The third section analyzes the progress YoungStar has made in improving the quality of child care and outcomes for children; illustrates the relative lack of high-quality programs in the state's most impoverished areas and in rural areas; provides case studies on the economic viability of high-quality centers; and offers recommendations. (author abstract)