Navajo Head Start children are more likely to be referred for language assessments and be over-identified with language disorders at higher rates (70%) than the main stream children (7%). There are no measures available to evaluate Navajo Head Start children that are valid for the population; and therefore, there is an urgent need for developing alternative assessments that are valid in this context with Navajo children. The purpose of this study is to examine whether a dynamic assessment measure, the Predictive Early Assessment of Reading and Language (PEARL) discriminates accurately Navajo children with language differences from those with language disorders.