Created as part of the Every Student Succeeds Act, the Preschool Development Grant Birth Through Five (PDG B-5) program is a competitive, federal grant designed to strengthen states’ early childhood systems and improve transitions between programs and services — such as home visits, early intervention settings, child care and pre-K education — to effectively prepare young children to enter kindergarten ready for success. The PDG B-5 grants enable states to assess pressing needs within their birth-to-age-5 (B-5) systems and invest strategically in infrastructure and initiatives that will strengthen their overall efficiency, effectiveness and impact. A small focus of this Policy Brief is the pre-K to kindergarten transition, as it is an inflection point at which the child moves from the B-5 system into the K-12 system and is one of several tools to measure how a state’s B-5 system is performing. (author abstract)