Over the past year, Minnesota’s child care providers have had to turn down the heat, buy fewer toys and art supplies, cut back on outings for their children, and dip into emergency funds—all to serve their families and stay in business. The pandemic has been challenging in both financial and personal terms for what’s long been a challenging business, according to a joint survey by the Minneapolis Fed and First Children’s Finance, a nonprofit group advocating for affordable, quality child care. (author abstract)