Wisconsin’s initial Statewide Needs Assessment Summary, was funded through Wisconsin’s successful federal Birth to 5 (B-5) Preschool Development Grant (PDG), awarded in December 2019. Published in October 2020 and described in detail throughout this document, the initial 2020 Statewide Needs Assessment Summary consists of research, analysis, and stakeholder engagement that provide an initial look into the strengths and opportunities, as well as barriers and challenges, within Wisconsin’s Early Care and Education (ECE) programs and services. Wisconsin leaders utilized this initial 2020 Statewide Needs Assessment Summary to develop its initial 2021–23 PDG B-5 Statewide Strategic Plan. This document provides further background, research, and context to the information presented in the 2020 Statewide Needs Assessment Summary, and addresses each domain identified within federal guidance from the United States Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) Administration for Children and Families (ACF). Further, as part of its B-5 PDG Renewal grant (PDG-R), awarded in December 2020, Wisconsin is partnering with researchers within the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater and the University of Wisconsin-Madison Institute for Research on Poverty to substantially expand its needs assessment work in order to address new domains and questions across Wisconsin’s B-5 ECSS. This document will serve as a template and starting place for those efforts, in line with federal guidance. An updated, comprehensive B-5 ECSS Needs Assessment will be prepared for publication in 2022 to support development of the Statewide B-5 Strategic Plan for 2023–25. (author abstract)