This chapter presents data from two types of research in Early Head Start relevant to family literacy that include a focus on effects of (a) children's home environments as supports for literacy development, (b) the behavior of parents, and (c) child and parent literacy-related outcomes. The first section provides background on the Early Head Start program and describes requirements funded grantees must meet related to family literacy. In the next section, we present findings from the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project (EHSREP), the impact study of Early Head Start. We then turn to nonexperimental analyses of the national dataset from the EHSREP conducted by local researchers. Finally, the chapter ends with a summary of the key findings related to family literacy. (author abstract)