States are currently working to implement the CCDBG Act of 2014. Many new requirements--including minimum health and safety training and on-site monitoring of child care providers--were long overdue to ensure the well-being of children in CCDBG-funded care. However, the law was not accompanied with a guarantee of new federal funds. States are facing increased, and in some cases significant, costs associated with the law. In the FY 2016 omnibus spending bill, enacted in December 2015, Congress increased funding for CCDBG by $326 million. This will provide essential funding for states to begin implementation of the new law. However, far more resources will be needed to implement the law and stem the tide of declining access to CCDBG. Moreover, not providing the resources needed to implement the law will prevent states from seizing this opportunity and will be a missed opportunity for improving an important program for parents and children. Analyses included in proposed regulations issued by HHS to implement the CCDBG Act estimate the first year costs of implementation at $722 million. This amount does not account for the costs of maintaining current caseloads. CLASP estimates that an additional $503 million would be necessary to prevent additional children from losing child care assistance in 2017. The combined costs for 2017 are, therefore, $1.2 billion--and further investments will be needed over time to implement additional provisions of the reauthorization and expand assistance for more eligible families. (author abstract)