Our review of the research indicates that families, parents, and caregivers matter-and matter a great deal-to a child's propensity for involvement in aggressive or bullying behavior. Young children obviously rely heavily on the adults in their lives-to a degree that, in most situations, will lessen as the child ages. Thus, the early years present a unique opportunity to take advantage of a variety of caregiver-child relationships and social settings (at home, in preschools, daycares, playgrounds, etc.), in which modeling, teaching, and reinforcing pro-social behaviors, empathy, and kindness can take place. In this section, we provide a brief overview of promising strategies for reducing aggressive or exclusionary behavior in early childhood populations, including highlighting several practice resources, followed by a summary of two evidence-based interventions for young children to reduce bullying later in life. (author abstract)