Under the Improving Head Start School Readiness Act of 2007, Head Start and Early Head Start grantees are required to develop locally defined school readiness goals and to evaluate children's progress toward these goals. This study, School Readiness Goals and Head Start Program Functioning, examined how local grantees set school readiness goals, how they collect and analyze data to track progress toward goals, and how they use these data in program planning and practice to improve program functioning. (author abstract)