This brief will provide an overview of the effects of homelessness on young children; federal initiatives that have expanded access to early care and learning for young children experiencing homelessness including Head Start and Early Head Start, the Child Care and Development Fund, Early Childhood State Advisory Councils, the McKinney-Vento Homeless Education programs, and the Race to the Top-Early Learning Challenge; and how two states--Massachusetts and Oregon--have implemented innovative policies to improve early childhood outcomes for young children experiencing homelessness. Lastly, this brief will present recommendations for how states can learn from the policies established in Massachusetts and Oregon to develop their own interventions. (author abstract)